Nurlaela Nurlaela, Andi Muhammad Irfan, Muhammad Haristo Rahman, Kurnia Prima Putra, Amiruddin Mahmud, Wirawan Setialaksana
Integrating advanced technologies like Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) in educational settings can significantly enhance learning, especially in vocational education, where practical application is crucial. However, understanding the factors influencing student acceptance of these technologies remains challenging. This study examines how Heutagogical and Cybergogical Behaviors affect vocational high school students' intentions to use AR and VR in classrooms, with Virtual Experience as a mediator. By extending the UTAUT2 model, the research offers insights into technology adoption in vocational education. Conducted in July 2024 with 438 students from six Indonesian regencies, the study used a quantitative, non-experimental design. PLS-SEM analysis revealed that Heutagogical and Cybergogical activities significantly influenced students' performance and effort expectancy, increasing their intention to use AR and VR. Virtual Experience fully mediated the effects of performance expectancy, hedonic motivation, social influence, and price value on students' intentions. However, effort expectancy and facilitating conditions directly impacted behavioral intentions, underscoring the importance of ease of use and support in adopting these technologies. The findings suggest that integrating structured and self-directed learning approaches, providing immersive hands-on opportunities with AR/VR tools, and ensuring ease of use and strong institutional support can enhance technology adoption. These strategies align vocational training with industry demands, preparing students for technologically driven workplaces. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.
Mechanical Engineering Education, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Makassar City, Indonesia; Civil Engineering and Planning Education, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Makassar City, Indonesia; Informatics and Computer Engineering Education, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Makassar City, Indonesia
