Arfiani Nur, Bambang Purwono, Herlina Rasyid, Ummi Zahra, Aisyah, Artati, Andi N. Fitriani, Fadliah, M. yasser, Muharram, Paulina Taba, Indah Raya, Abdul W. Wahab, Nunuk H. Soekamto
Hydrogen phosphate is an important anion in environmental and biological systems; however, its excessive presence in water can contribute to eutrophication and water quality degradation. The synthesis and application of 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-propenone (HMPP) as a colorimetric chemosensor for hydrogen phosphate (HPO42-) anions have been investigated. HMPP was synthesized via Claisen– Schmidt condensation of vanillin and 2-hydroxyacetophenone, obtained in 34% yield of the target compound. The colorimetric response of HMPP was evaluated toward various anions, including F-, Cl-, Br-, CN-, HPO42-, and CO32-. The results showed that HMPP exhibited a distinct response toward HPO42-; however, the presence of other anions caused varying degrees of interference, with CO32- showing minimal effect, while Cl⁻, CN⁻, and Br⁻ reduced the response to a greater extent. This behavior is attributed to hydrogen-bonding interactions between HMPP and HPO42-, which enhance intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). The applicability of HMPP was further evaluated in spiked tap water samples, demonstrating satisfactory recovery in the range of 105.47– 107.50%, indicating acceptable accuracy and reliability. Therefore, HMPP demonstrates potential as a colorimetric chemosensor for hydrogen phosphate anions in water samples. © 2026 The Author(s).
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Alauddin State Islamic University, Makassar, 92118, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia; Department of Health Analyst, Makassar Ministry of Health Polytechnic, Makassar, 90222, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Bulukumba, South Sulawesi, Bulukumba, 92513, Indonesia; Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Earth and Energy Technology, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, 11450, Indonesia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang, South Sulawesi, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar, South Sulawesi, Makassar, 90224, Indonesia
