Ilmi Wahyuni, Nunuk Hariani Soekamto, Herlina Rasyid, Nurul Annisa, Risda Adriana, Alifiah Alfaniah Alfattah Putri, Djabal Nur Basir, Ahyar Ahmad, St. Fauziah, Rizal Irfandi
Red alga Acanthophora spicifera is a marine species with potential as a source of natural antihistamines. This study evaluated the bioactivity of its secondary metabolites through in vivo, in vitro, and in silico approaches. Extracts were obtained by successive maceration using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. In vivo testing on BALB/c mice showed that extract administration did not cause significant weight loss. However, its effect on allergic symptoms was significant (p < 0.05), with the methanol extract identified as the most effective by the Mann–Whitney test. In vitro assays revealed a significant reduction in histamine levels (p < 0.05) during sensitization, treatment, and post-challenge phases, particularly in the methanol extract group. In silico docking demonstrated that two compounds from the methanol extract exhibited strong binding affinity to the H1 receptor (PDB ID: 3RZE), with binding energies of −6.27 and −5.06 kcal/mol. These findings suggest that A. spicifera, particularly its methanol extract, is a promising source of natural antihistamines with potential applications in the development of safer allergy treatments. © 2026, Gadjah Mada University. All rights reserved.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10, Tamalanrea, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Jl. Daeng Tata, Makassar, 90244, Indonesia
