H. Herman, Andi Aslinda, Karta Jayadi
Public engagement is essential for effective governance and sustainable development. The Indonesia Gold Program (Program Indonesia Emas) seeks national transformation by 2045; however, empirical evidence on citizens’ awareness and participation remains limited. This study adopts a mixed-methods approach, integrating 600 surveys, focus group discussions, and interviews conducted across Java, Sulawesi, and Papua to examine how public perception shapes engagement. The findings reveal pronounced regional and demographic disparities in awareness, trust, and participation. Higher engagement is associated with stronger local trust and perceived program relevance. Qualitative evidence highlights persistent barriers, including political disengagement, bureaucratic opacity, and tokenistic inclusion. Overall, the results emphasize the importance of inclusive communication, localized engagement strategies, and trust-building efforts in the implementation of national development initiatives. This article published as an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creative-commons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and production in any medium, provided the author of the original work and original publication source are properly credited.
Universitas Negeri Makassar, Indonesia
